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Philadelphia is just one of two selected cities to receive refugees from Afghanistan. About Ximena Conde Read more. JRL ; UC holding: , , were closed down. In the same month, 22 more newspapers and magazines were shut down. However, the Islamic regime had not been able to gain complete control over the press until the seizure of the American Embassy in Tehran in November when a large number of newspapers and magazines were forced to close and their editors were exiled.
At the beginning of the s, the number of Persian periodicals outside Iran grew drastically. All of these journals are published in the United States. The satirical journals and newspapers, which were shut down in , also resumed publication outside Iran immediately after their editors established themselves either in Europe or in the Unites States.
P3A8 Gen; uncat. Since August , especially after the seizure of the Americn Embassy in Tehran, political criticism has been very rare in Iran. Those editors or satirists, who have attempted to criticize the Islamic Regime or its policies, either have been put in jail or have been forced to close their papers and leave the country. After five consecutive issues, the weekly was closed down. Later, his sentence was commuted, but he was forced to leave the country. He currently lives in Germany.
P3A3 Gen; and uncat. P3D84 Gen; uncat. Whether or not the independent progressive press in Iran will be allowed to publish freely without fear of reprisal and thereby influence future events in Iran remains to be seen. Competition between the two weeklies was fierce, and Churchill responded by publishing daily under the title Ruzname-yi Ceride-i Havadis ; uncat. RR5; UC holdings: some In the Ottoman government established its first press regulations, which remained in force until Under these new rules newspapers had to submit pre-publication copies signed by the editor to the Press Directorate.
The regulations also provided for trial of press offenses by the Meclis-i Ahkam-i Adliye. The government had a range of actions it could take against publications, ranging from official warnings to suspension or cancellation of licenses. In the wake of renewed government control of the press, many of the Young Ottomans fled to Europe where they began to publish again. Ali Suawi revived his paper Muhbir in London in In Ali Suawi began Ulum in Paris and was one of the earliest advocates of Turkish nationalism.
Between and there was an increase in newspaper publishing activity in Turkey. Important papers of this period were Terakki ; uncat. This period also saw the emergence of humor magazines beginning with Diyojen uncat. RR5 and uncat.
This paper was initially published in Greek, then French and eventually in Ottoman Turkish. Terakki was the first to publish a special supplement for women, Muhadderat , in In supervision of the press was made a responsibility of the Ministry of the Interior. By the Ministries of Education and Police had joined the Ministry of the Interior in censoring publications. In the Inspection and Control Commission was established to oversee the press and carry out preventive censorship.
Government censorship continued to increase during the 's and 's with the establishment of the Foreign Press Directorate , and government controls on printing presses and booksellers Finally in the Ottoman government established the Commission for Examination of Compositions to act as a higher censorship authority. As before, increased censorship in the Ottoman Empire led to opposition papers being established abroad. RR5 in Paris. Important dailies within Turkey in this period included Sabah ; uncat.
RR5; UC holdings: no. The Constitutional Revolution brought about a resurgence in the number of newspapers in the Ottoman Empire. The spirit of free press ended, however, after the 31 March Incident in , when the Committee of Union and Progress solidified its control of the government and increased censorship. RR5; UC holdings: scattered issues, as a daily newspaper oriented toward women.
This paper later became a weekly and was an early promoter of women's rights. Important humor magazines of this era were Kalem ; uncat. D62 and uncat. RR5; UC holdings: all published , both famous for their caricatures.
The First World War witnessed the emergence of a new generation of journalists and editors who would be influential through the Republican period. RR5; UC holdings: scattered issues, Other İstanbul newspapers at the end of the War were Alemdar ; uncat. The dawn of the Turkish Republic not only brought the establishment of new papers, it also brought about a change in location for major publications. Although there had been newspapers in other parts of the Empire, İstanbul had been the center for journalism in the Ottoman Empire.
With the rise of the Republic, Anatolian publications achieved a new importance. In the paper İrade-i Milliye ; uncat. RR5; UC holdings: scatered issues, in Ankara. This important newspaper changed its name to Ulus in In Yunus Nadi founded Cumhuriyet in İstanbul, where the paper continues to publish today. The relationship of the government and the press also changed in the Republican period. The Constitution ended pre-publication censorship, although the government retained the ability to suspend publications.
A major problem arose with the switch to the Latin alphabet in The change to the new alphabet effectively made the majority of newspaper readers illiterate. Many papers changed over gradually, publishing in both alphabets in the same issue.
Eventually government subventions helped newspapers weather the drop in readership. The popular press again played an important role in the politics of the post-World War II period. Humor magazines were especially important as forums for criticsm of the government. M37 and AP M38 RR5 and uncat. Between the newspaper Zafer was the organ of the Democrat party in Ankara and was influential in promoting its ideas.
Overall, the press played an important role in the events that led to the military coup. Note: for select bibliographies refer to end of each section of the main list. First printed texts came from non-Islamic presses in the Ottoman Empire:. NOTE: The following chronological overview is neither the catalog nor a complete list of holdings! Early Beirut Newspapers. Beirut in the period of French mandate. Ottoman Syria Ottoman decision that each vilayet should have a newspaper.
Syria in the French Mandate period- large number of low circulation dailies. Toggle navigation The University of Chicago Library. Popular Press Holdings in the Middle East Department Prior to and during the early years of electronic library catalogs, the Middle East Department maintained a number of lists and catalogs of materials relevant to our users and made them available in printed form in our office.
Introduction: Survey of the Popular Press in the Islamic World Background The introduction of a popular newspaper and serial press to the Islamic world came with the introduction of the western newspaper form itself, in part a product of 18th century European, particularly French, influence on the Ottoman government in Istanbul, and Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in Lebanon, Syria and Palestine The Levantine provinces of the Ottoman Empire were, in the 19th century, another center for the production of newspapers in Arabic.
Arabic Press Abroad The Arabic press abroad developed in part as a reaction to difficulties in the Middle East in the late 19th century.
Iran Since the first experiments with lithography in Tabriz in , the Iranian popular press was developed by two major patrons: 1 the state, and 2 expatriate Iranians. M94 Press review literature: Arab Press Review [uncat. RR5], Cairo Press Review [uncat. Middle East and Africa [microfc. Chicago: The Center for Research Libraries, Note: vol.
K58 v. W32 Albin, Michael W. I64 v. I8B4 Swietochowski, T. Cambridge: University Press, PN P5B9 RR5, Gen. Isfahan, P5H28 RR5, Gen. Pourhadi, Ibrahim V.
Persian and Afghan Newspapers in the Library of Congress Washington: Library of Congress, Cass, , pp. M63 Tehran. A29 RR5; ub: RR5; microfm. W32 Iraq Albin, Michael W. French in lth cent. First Arabic-script presses: Istanbul the publication of Ibrahim Muteferrika's edition of the Vankulu dictionary.
French introduction of Arabic presses into Egypt, Cairo the full operation of the press at Bulaq. Beirut American Missionary press in Beirut. Mosul Dominican lithographic press. Damascus government press. Baghdad government press. Arabic Popular Press: A. Egypt 1. Cairo [ ]. Cairo []. Cairo [] Coptic. A32 RR5] 2. RR5] Kawkab al-Sharq []. Cairo [] daily. Levant 1. Beirut a. RR5] al-Bayraq. Beirut []. Syria a. Aleppo [ ] weekly Dimashq. Damascus [ ] independent political weekly harsh government control drove many Syrian-Lebanese journalists to Egypt b.
It covers economic news, industry, oil and energy, business, bank and insurance, automotive, shareholders, digital market, analytical comments, commerce and tourism, the Tehran Stock exchange, and agriculture.
The agency also publishes the newspaper Iran. Globes Israel's leading and widely circulated business and financial newspaper published in Hebrew. The English version of the newspaper is also available.
Haaretz English edition Israel's oldest daily newspaper. Also published in Hebrew. The Jordan Times In English. Al-Watan Voice of Oman to the World.
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