The subject could then be traced. This mechanical means of recording images is known to have been employed by Canaletto. The Delft artists Fabritius and Vermeer may also have experimented with it. Visit us Plan your visit Floorplans Access Families. Exhibitions and events What's on now Exhibitions Events. Artists started using camera obscura in 15th century. Giambattista della Porta, Italian scholar, improved camera obscura by adding it a lens at the place where light enters the box.
He also used camera obscura to explain how human eye works. Early models were large and consisted of a literal room or a tent Johannes Kepler used a tent one.
Later more portable variants were invented. They were wooden boxes that had a lens instead of pinhole which can be moved to provide a focus. They also had a mirror that rotated image and a screen onto which an image was projected. In fact, camera obscuras date back to as far as BC, possibly even before records existed. The earliest known written account of a camera obscura was provided by a Chinese philosopher called Mo-tzu or Mozi in BC.
He noted that light from an illuminated object that passed through a pinhole into a dark room created an inverted image of the original object.
In the 4th century BC, the Greek philosopher Aristotle realised that a partial eclipse could be viewed by looking at the ground beneath a tree. The crescent shape of the partially eclipsed sun projected onto the ground through the holes in a sieve and through the gaps between the leaves allowing him to view it safely. Alhazen or Ibn al-Haytham is said to have actually invented the camera obscura, as well as the pinhole camera which is based on the same idea.
He carried out experiments with candles and described how the image is formed by rays of light travelling in straight lines. Four centuries later Leonardo da Vinci — suggested that the human eye is like a camera obscura.
He went on to publish the first clear description of the camera obscura in Codex Atlanticus
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